Q1. A file is:

A) Collection of related information
B) CPU register
C) Memory partition
D) Scheduling algorithm

Answer: A

Explanation: A file is a collection of related data stored on secondary storage.

Q2. File management is responsible for:

A) Managing files and directories
B) CPU scheduling
C) Memory allocation
D) Deadlock prevention

Answer: A

Explanation: File management handles creation, deletion, storage, and access of files and directories.

Q3. Which of the following is an access method?

A) Sequential Access
B) Paging
C) Segmentation
D) Deadlock

Answer: A

Explanation: Sequential access is a method where data is read in order, one after another.

Q4. Random access means:

A) Accessing data in any order
B) Accessing only first record
C) Accessing only last record
D) No file access

Answer: A

Explanation: Random access allows direct access to any file location.

Q5. Directory is used to:

A) Organize files
B) Increase CPU speed
C) Replace RAM
D) Detect deadlock

Answer: A

Explanation: Directories help organize and manage files systematically.

Q6. Single-level directory has:

A) Only one directory for all files
B) Multiple directories
C) No files
D) Only hidden files

Answer: A

Explanation: In single-level directory structure, all files are stored in one directory.

Q7. Tree-structured directory provides:

A) Hierarchical file organization
B) Flat memory
C) CPU scheduling
D) Page replacement

Answer: A

Explanation: Tree structure organizes files in parent-child directory format.

Q8. File allocation method includes:

A) Contiguous Allocation
B) Linked Allocation
C) Indexed Allocation
D) All of these

Answer: D

Explanation: These are the major file allocation methods used by OS.

Q9. Contiguous allocation stores file:

A) In continuous memory blocks
B) Randomly
C) In CPU registers
D) In cache only

Answer: A

Explanation: Contiguous allocation places a file in consecutive disk blocks.

Q10. Linked allocation uses:

A) Pointers
B) Registers
C) Cache
D) CPU scheduler

Answer: A

Explanation: Linked allocation connects file blocks using pointers.

Q11. Indexed allocation uses:

A) Index block
B) Semaphore
C) PCB
D) Thread table

Answer: A

Explanation: Indexed allocation uses a special index block containing addresses of file blocks.

Q12. Free space management is used for:

A) Tracking unused disk blocks
B) CPU scheduling
C) Memory paging
D) Deadlock detection

Answer: A

Explanation: It helps the OS know which disk blocks are free for new files.

Q13. Disk scheduling improves:

A) Disk access efficiency
B) CPU temperature
C) RAM size
D) File deletion

Answer: A

Explanation: Disk scheduling reduces seek time and improves disk performance.

Q14. FCFS in disk scheduling means:

A) First Come First Serve
B) First Control First Serve
C) Fast CPU First System
D) File Control First Storage

Answer: A

Explanation: Requests are served in the order they arrive.

Q15. SSTF stands for:

A) Shortest Seek Time First
B) Small System Task First
C) Safe Storage Task Format
D) Short Storage Time Format

Answer: A

Explanation: SSTF selects the request nearest to the current head position.

Q16. SCAN algorithm is also called:

A) Elevator Algorithm
B) Banker’s Algorithm
C) FIFO Algorithm
D) Peterson’s Algorithm

Answer: A

Explanation: SCAN moves like an elevator, serving requests in one direction then reversing.

Q17. C-SCAN stands for:

A) Circular SCAN
B) Central SCAN
C) CPU SCAN
D) Continuous Storage Access

Answer: A

Explanation: C-SCAN moves in one direction only and jumps back to the start.

Q18. Which disk scheduling gives minimum seek time?

A) SSTF
B) FCFS
C) FIFO
D) Round Robin

Answer: A

Explanation: SSTF usually minimizes total seek time by selecting the nearest request.

Q19. Formatting of disk means:

A) Preparing disk for use
B) Deleting CPU
C) Scheduling memory
D) Deadlock removal

Answer: A

Explanation: Formatting creates file system structures and prepares disk storage.

Q20. Boot block is used for:

A) Starting the system
B) File deletion
C) Memory compaction
D) CPU scheduling

Answer: A

Explanation: Boot block stores the bootstrap program required to start the OS.

Q21. Bad blocks are:

A) Defective disk sectors
B) Fast memory
C) CPU registers
D) Empty directories

Answer: A

Explanation: Bad blocks are damaged sectors of a disk that cannot store data properly.

Q22. DMA stands for:

A) Direct Memory Access
B) Disk Memory Allocation
C) Data Management Area
D) Dynamic Memory Access

Answer: A

Explanation: DMA allows devices to transfer data directly to memory without CPU involvement.

Q23. Interrupt handler is used for:

A) Handling device interrupts
B) CPU scheduling
C) File creation
D) Paging

Answer: A

Explanation: Interrupt handler responds to signals generated by I/O devices.

Q24. Device driver is:

A) Software for controlling hardware devices
B) Hardware part
C) Scheduling algorithm
D) File system

Answer: A

Explanation: Device drivers allow the OS to communicate with hardware devices.

Q25. Device-independent I/O means:

A) Common I/O functions for all devices
B) No devices needed
C) Memory management
D) Deadlock solution

Answer: A

Explanation: It provides standard I/O operations regardless of device type.

Q26. Secondary storage refers to:

A) Hard disk and SSD
B) CPU registers
C) Cache memory
D) RAM only

Answer: A

Explanation: Secondary storage stores data permanently, such as HDD and SSD.

Q27. Seek time is:

A) Time to move disk head
B) CPU execution time
C) File opening time
D) Boot time

Answer: A

Explanation: Seek time is the time required for the disk head to reach the desired track.

Q28. Rotational latency means:

A) Waiting for sector rotation
B) CPU delay
C) RAM speed
D) File deletion time

Answer: A

Explanation: It is the time waiting for the required sector to rotate under the read/write head.

Q29. Spooling is used for:

A) Managing shared devices like printers
B) CPU scheduling
C) Page replacement
D) Deadlock detection

Answer: A

Explanation: Spooling stores jobs temporarily for devices like printers.

Q30. Which is an example of I/O device?

A) Keyboard
B) CPU
C) ALU
D) Cache

Answer: A

Explanation: Keyboard is an input/output device used to interact with the computer.